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托福聽力考試時舉例子前給出信號詞解題思路：

當(dāng)大學(xué)在考托福聽力考試時聽舉例子前的信號詞的時候，需要非常注意，要能夠掌握舉例子為了說明什么，以及例子的內(nèi)容。 常見的舉例子的信號詞有 for example, for instance, such as, like 例子如下：

e.g. What does the woman imply about incident that occurred in her sociology class?

（TPO 5 Conversation 1）

A. She was embarrassed because she gave an incorrect answerB. She was upset because the professor seemed to ignore her

C. She was confused by the organization of the professor’ s lecture

D. She was surprised by the comments of the other students

Student：No, in fact I got an A on my first economics paper. It’s just that, it’s so impersonal, I’m not used to it.

Counselor：Are all your classes impersonal?

Student：No, it’s just that…for example, in sociology yesterday, the professor asked a question, so I raised my hand, several of us raised our hands. And I kept my hand up because I did the reading and knew the answer. But the professor just answered his own question and continued with the lecture.

在這一題中，學(xué)生認(rèn)為課堂是沒有人情味的，所以舉了上社會學(xué)課的一件事情來說明，老師提了一個問題，學(xué)生和別的幾個同學(xué)就舉了手，但是老師并沒有讓她們回答問題。在這里有明顯的舉例信號詞 “for example”，識別例子較為容易。

答案：B

e.g. What mistakes does the professor imply the woman has made while working on a project?

（TPO4 Conversation 2）

Click on 2 answers

A. Finding sources for her group partners.B. Writing the weekly progress reports for her group.C. Forgetting to pay attention to the project’s deadlines.D. Failing to involve the group members in the selection of a topic.

Student：Yes, but I feel like I’m doing 90% of the work. I hate to sound so negative here, but honestly, they are taking credit for things they shouldn’t take credit for. Like last week in the library, we decided to split up the research into 3 parts and then each of us was supposed to find sources in the library for our parts. I went off to the stack and found some really good material for my part, but when I got back to our table, they were just goofing off and talking. So I went and got materials for their sections as well.

Professor：Um…you know you shouldn’t do that.

這一題考查了對于例子內(nèi)容的理解。學(xué)生為了說明小組成員什么事也不做，說到了一件事情，就是在圖書館找資料，小組成員閑聊不去找資料，然后她就幫小組成員找好資料的事情。在這里信號詞是like。

答案：AD

e.g. What the point does the professor make when he refers to the university library?

(TPO2-Lecture1)

A. A study on problem solving took place there.

B. Students should go there to read more about behaviorism

C. Students’ eyes will turn toward it if they think about it.

D. He learned about William James’s concept of thinking there.

Ideomotor action is an activity that occurs without our noticing it, without our being aware of it. I 'll give you one simple example. If you think of locations, there tends to be eye movement that occurs with your thinking about that location. In particular, from where we 're sitting, imagine that you 're asked to think of our university library. Well, if you close your eyes and think of the library, and if you 're sitting directly facing me, then according to this notion, your eyeballs will move slightly to the left, to your left, ' cause the library's in that general direction.

這一題也是考察例子。提到大學(xué)圖書館是想說明，“If you think of locations, there tends to be eye movement that occurs with your thinking about that location.” 當(dāng)你想某個地方時，你的眼球會隨著你的思緒進(jìn)行運(yùn)動。在這里信號詞是“one simple example”。

答案：C

托福聽力考試中舉例子前沒有給出信號詞的解題思路：

托福聽力考試中舉例子時沒有給出信號詞時應(yīng)該怎么解題呢？大家在聽力考試的時候只要分析出例子和前面內(nèi)容的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯，就能夠做出來。例子如下：

e.g. Why does the professor mention a mountain road?

（TPO 33 Lecture 1）

A. To illustrate an alternative to a steep ramp

B. To emphasize the effort needed to move large stone blocks

C. To imply that progresses on the Great Pyramid was slow

D. To describe the shape of the road leading to the Giza Plateau

Well, if you've ever driven on a mountain road, you'd know that it has a lot of twists and turns and bends in it because that's how engineers keep the road from having to be too steep.

So why not wrap the ramp around the Pyramid?

這篇lecture討論的是金字塔是如何建成的，然而為什么會說到在山路呢？同學(xué)需要能夠分析出工程師為了使道路不那么陡峭，所以設(shè)計了很多迂回曲折的彎路，那么同樣用來建造金字塔的坡道也可以。

答案：A

e.g. In his discussion of O’Keeffe’s style, why does the professor describe Large Dark Red Leaves on White? 

（TPO 48 Lecture 1）

A. To give an example of a painting that was copied from a photograph

B. To give an example of an abstract interpretation of real objects 

C. To point out that some of O’Keeffe’s subjects were represented in their natural setting

D. To point out the similarities between O’Keeffe’s works and works of other artists 

O’ Keeffe liked to create abstract interpretations of real objects.

In the painting Jennifer mentioned, Large Dark Red Leaves on White, in addition to exaggerating the size of the leaf, O’ Keeffe juxtaposes it against a silver or whitish background, so that’s more of an abstract setting for it, and so on.

首先說到O’ Keeffe喜歡創(chuàng)作出對真實(shí)物體的抽象詮釋，然后說到了她的作品Large Dark Red Leaves on White，通過對于這幅作品的描述，就能分析出這是她對真實(shí)物體抽象詮釋的例子。

答案：B

e.g.What point does the professor emphasize by his discussion of the lithograph The Potato Eaters? 

（TPO 46 Lecture 2）

A.Profiles are more difficult to create than head-on portraits. 

B.Some artists consider the direction of the profile a key element in a portrait. 

C.Most group portraits include both left and right profiles. 

D.The direction of a profile is usually determined by the characteristics of the subject. 

We do know that for many artists, the choice of left side, right side was very important.

There is an image by the Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh called the Potato Eaters that shows the profiles of a group of farmers.

It’s a lithograph, which is a print made from images drawn on a stone.

When you print something that way, what you get is a mirror image of the original picture.

The exact same image, except that left and right are reversed,and Van Gogh was so dissatisfied with the print that he wrote to his brother, “the figures, I’m sorry to say, are now turned the wrong way.” .

首先說到了對于很多藝術(shù)家來說左右臉的選擇是很重要的。然后說到了Potato Eaters的印板畫中，農(nóng)民的左右臉弄反了，梵高很不高興，所以可以證實(shí)對于藝術(shù)家來說，左右臉的選擇是重要的。

答案：B

托福聽力考試中舉例子是高頻的考點(diǎn)，有時候會給出信號詞，也有很多時候不會給出信號詞，但是只要能夠準(zhǔn)確地識別例子，對做題會很有幫助。此外，有時考生可能會漏聽例子前面的內(nèi)容，這個時候也不要放棄，將例子完整地聽下來，還有很大的可能可以推理出來，所以例子的細(xì)節(jié)也是很有用的。